Introduction To A Comprehensive List Of Types Of Ship Unloaders

According to the working principle of the material collection and transportation equipment of the ship unloader, it is mainly divided into pneumatic, clamp type, buried scraper type, spiral type, corrugated edge belt type, chain bucket type, suspended chain bucket type, bucket wheel type, rope bucket type, and so on.
Based on the author's years of practical work experience and research and training at home and abroad, this article summarizes the relevant situations of several continuous unloaders commonly used for port grain unloading, for reference by peers.
1. Pneumatic ship unloader
Commonly known as a grain suction machine, it is mainly used for unloading bulk grain from ships. It has become the main unloading equipment for modern bulk grain professional docks abroad. There are also many coastal and inland ports in China, such as Guangzhou Xinsha, Shanghai, Tianjin, Zhanjiang, Changsha, etc. At present, the single machine production of grain suction machines abroad is 1000t/h, and the larger scale in China is the grain suction machine equipped at Guangzhou Xinsha Port, with a production capacity of 400t/h.
The main components of a grain suction machine include a suction nozzle, conveying pipe, separator, dust collector, unloader, fan, and muffler. Due to the involvement of pneumatic conveying, the requirements for the fan are relatively high.
The grain suction machine is an application of the principle of pneumatic conveying in ship unloading operations: during operation, the suction nozzle equipped with a hose is placed close to the surface of the grain, and through the action of the fan, a sufficiently fast airflow is generated to overcome the gravity and friction of the grain, so that the grain entering the suction nozzle is in a suspended state and moves in vertical and horizontal conveying pipelines. The material is transported to the designated location of the dock through separators, unloaders, and conveyors.
Advantages: The grain suction machine has a simple and compact structure, simple operation, reliable performance, convenient maintenance, and does not damage the bottom of the cabin during operation. It has strong adaptability to ships, good cleaning effect, and no dust during operation.
Disadvantages: The homework noise is high, and the power consumption is relatively high. Among the continuous ship unloaders currently used, the energy consumption per ton of grain is high under the same working conditions. In addition, the suction machine is not suitable for conveying fragile and impact resistant materials such as drying corn.
2. Strap type ship unloader
The belt type ship unloader, also known as the double belt type ship unloader, was first developed by SIMON CARVES company in the UK. It was used in Haifa Port, Israel in 1976, and was introduced and installed in Dalian Port in China in 1984 at berth 9 of the second pier of Dalian Port Eastern Port Company.
The entrained ship unloader produced by Simon Company in the UK is called "SIMPORER", with a production capacity of up to 1000t/h. UK AS The clamp type ship unloader produced by Company C is called "SIMLOFTER". In addition, BVHLER MIAG in Germany also produces belt type ship unloaders with a production capacity of up to 3000t/h. This ship unloader is used in ports such as Xinsha in Guangzhou, Tianjin, and Dalian in China.
The clamp type ship unloader mainly consists of a feeder, horizontal extension arm, vertical lifting arm, gantry, dust prevention device, driving mechanism, etc. There are basically three forms of feeders: spiral feeding device, scraper conveyor feeding device, and double impeller feeding device; The horizontal arm is composed of a frame, a box type hood, a belt conveyor, a dust removal device, a balance weight block, etc; The vertical lifting arm consists of a frame and a box shaped hood